Hints:
• Do not overthink the project, and do not overthink the instructions on the project.
• Follow the project instructions, as much as possible.
• Start now, good or bad, right or wrong, and then revise your work. The longer you wait to
start the project, the more complicated it will look like, and the heavier the burden it will be
on your shoulder. Also, when you start early (now), you give me a chance to help you before
the “submission Grace Period” in which I will not be able to assist with any project questions
(between the due date and the last available date).
Directions for the Literature Review Submission:
• Right before your well-written literature review, show the centered title LITARUTRE REVIEW,
in bold, size 14, all-in upper-case letters, und using the Times New Roman font.
• Provide only one (long or short) paragraph for each study reviewed.
• Start the paragraph in the literature review by the name of the study (Example, Adams et al.,
2012 examined the effect of…. etc.).
• In your conducted academic literature review, only include articles that can be found under
the Google Scholar website (https://scholar.google.com/).
• Only review articles from Google Scholar, not books or reports. If you are confused about the
difference between an article, a book, and a report, then open “IMAGE-01.JPG” under
D2L/Content/Added Materials for more details. When searching in Google Scholar (the
required engine for the literature review section), then if it is not saying it is a book or a report,
then it is an article. Usually you can see it before you open the link, however, sometimes you
will not see the work “report” unless you open the pdf and it might say that this work is a
“report.”
• For each study reviewed, show (as much as possible): What countries are covered in the
study? Which factors have been investigated? Which data was used? The data cover what
period? Which methodology was implemented? Which factor(s) have been found to be
significantly affecting the dependent variable(s)? Is there a final recommendation highlighted
by the article?
• A table at the end of the literature review is required. The table has to summarize in one
column the cited names of the articles (for example; Jones and Adams, 2012), and another
column has to show the factors significantly proven to serve the topic of your project.
• Follow the sample provided to review the three academic articlesrequested (each article has
to be “detectible” with an available PDF file under the “Google Scholar” search engine). Open
“IMAGE-02.JPG” under “D2L/Content/Added Materials” for more details.
• The sample file is provided in two formats (PDF and DOCX), once with comments and once
without comments. Hence, the same sample is provided in four files for your convenience:
o (LITERATURE REVIEW Sample with Comments.docx).
o (LITERATURE REVIEW Sample with Comments.pdf).
o (LITERATURE REVIEW Sample without Comments.docx).
o (LITERATURE REVIEW Sample without Comments.pdf).
The Project Instructions – Page 2 of 6
Note: The sample provides only one article on different topics. You are required to review
each article after each other, and then use the summary table at the end. Do not do a
summary table for one article, because this would not be even called a summary table.
Further instructions are provided on how to conduct the literature review.
• Accepted Submission:
o Only PDF documents are accepted submissions.
o Only uploads to the dropbox named “Project Literature” is an accepted submission.
• Due Date: Thursday, October 3, at 11:59 PM
• Last Available Date: Saturday, October 5, 2019, at 11:59 PM
Directions for the Complete Project Submission:
• Follow the project instructions for each component of the project.
• The project has to consist of (in the same order):
o ABSTRACT (in the cover page)
o INTRODUCTION
o LITERATURE REVIEW
o DATA AND ANALYSIS
o SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
o REFRENCES
• You are allowed to enhance the quality of your literature review that you have submitted
separately, or you can just copy and paste it if you trust it needs no further enhancement(s).
• Accepted Submission:
o Only PDF documents are accepted submissions.
o Only uploads to the dropbox named “Complete Project” is an accepted submission.
• Due Date: Thursday, November 7, at 11:59 PM
• Last Available Date: Saturday, November 9, 2019, at 11:59 PM
Required Instructions and Formatting:
First: Words and Styling:
o Margin: One Inch for the page margin from all four directions (upper, lower, right,
and left)
o Text spacing: 1.5
o Font: Times New Roman
o Font size: 12
o Font color:
Black: everywhere except when citing the work of others in between the
text
Blue when naming a citation in between the text: Only the name of the
author(s) and the year of publication must be shown in blue colored text).
Do not use the blue text for the whole citation. See the literature review
sample to see how to do this. This is required so the reader can observe
every time you referred to work made by others. A higher quality work is
one that do not press emphasis unless supported by literature, references,
or the study results, not just personal opinions.
o All text has to be justified (same vertical path for endings), except for the titles,
which should be centered.
The Project Instructions – Page 3 of 6
o No wording minimum is required; however, all sections and instructions have to
fulfilled in order to obtain a high-quality project.
Second: Citation:
o For sure “paraphrasing” (representing the author’s viewpoint(s) in a richer way
without repeating the same words stated by the author) is a higher quality work
compared with “quotation.”
o If you want to quote (copy and paste) a statement from any reference, then the
copied and pasted text has to be in bold and “quoted”. For example; Sam et al.,
2000 define this word as “social and behavioral aspect of any topic.” As you see
here, the statement is quoted (between quotation marks) and is in bold text.
o Use “in-text citations” whenever possible and do not use the whole line of the
reference (not the name of the article, etc.). Use both (or either) the “Narrative
in-text citation” and the “Parenthetical in-text citation” when appropriate:
Narrative in-text citation: Which means you start with only the name of
the author and the year of publication and then continue showing the
work of that literature/reference. For example, Sam et al., 2000 used data
published by the US census to investigate the effect of variable A over
variable B.
Parenthetical in-text citation: Which means you start with
statement/claim and then at the end you state – between two
parentheses – the name of the reference and the year of publication. For
example, Sam et al., 2000 Variable A have been found to significantly
influence variable B when both variables C and D are satisfied (Sam et al.,
2000).
o Use the structure of the citation exactly matching the economic papers and
journals.
If one author named Jon R. Adams published the article in 2012, then use
“Adams, 2012” to cite this article’s work.
If two authors named Jon R. Adams and David S. Kalanti published the
article in 2013, use “Adams and Kalanti, 2013” to cite this article’s work.
If more than two authors published the article in 2009 (Such Mary O’Brien,
Suzanne Roberts, Jon R. Adams and David S. Kalanti) use the last name of
the main author and refer to the others as well in this particular way:
“O’Brien et al., 2009” to cite this article’s work.
Third: Required Structure (in order):
o A cover page that only includes the title (font size: 16), your name, the class
information, the instructor’s name, and the abstract.
o The Abstract Instructions:
Right before your well-written abstract, show the centered title
ABSTRACT, in bold, size 14, all-in upper-case letters, und using the
Times New Roman font.
The Project Instructions – Page 4 of 6
The abstract has to show – in order – the problem of the study, the
data/reports used, the method of analysis, the results, the
conclusion(s) and potential recommendations for future research
on the topic (if exist).
The abstract is a summary of your study, however it comes at the
beginning of your study. It might be important that you leave to
the end after your project is almost completed.
o The Introduction Instructions:
Instruction above (on pages 1 and 2).
o Literature Review
Right before your well-written literature review, show the centered title
LITARUTRE REVIEW, in bold, size 14, all-in upper-case letters, und using
the Times New Roman font.
Provide only one (long or short) paragraph for each study reviewed.
Start the paragraph in the literature review by the name of the study
(Example, Adams et al., 2012 examined the effect of…. etc.).
In your conducted academic literature review, only include articles that
can be found under the Google Scholar website
(https://scholar.google.com/).
For each study reviewed, show (as much as possible): What countries are
covered in the study? Which factors have been investigated? Which data
was used? The data cover what period? Which methodology was
implemented? Which factor(s) have been found to be significantly
affecting the dependent variable(s)? Is there a final recommendation
highlighted by the article?
A table at the end of the literature review is required. The table has to
summarize in one column the cited names of the articles (for example;
Jones and Adams, 2012), and another column has to show the factors
significantly proven to serve the topic of your project.
o Data and Analysis
Right before your well-written data and analysis, show the centered title
DATA AND ANALYSIS, in bold, size 14, all-in upper-case letters, und using
the Times New Roman font.
Comment on the source(s) and type of data you used in your project (e.g.,
publishes, survey, collected from other studies, etc.).
Tables that show your work on the project are mandatory.
Summarize all your analysis in tables, charts, and/or diagrams. Be creative.
Explain the results of your analysis in the analysis section. Later you can
summarize them (again) in the Summary and Conclusion section.
The Project Instructions – Page 5 of 6
o Summary and Conclusions
Right before your well-written summary and conclusions., show the
centered title SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS, in bold, size 14, all-in
upper-case letters, und using the Times New Roman font.
Summary has to show the main purpose of the project.
Conclusions have to show your main findings in this study
It is possible that you do not find a link or a relationship to highlight when
examining a research topic. This is an accepted result/finding by itself.
At the end of this section (last paragraph), show what you think the future
research on the same topic should do differently, or co-excitingly
(complementary) to your project.
In this section, explain how your analysis depended on your
understanding of the textbook’s materials (only required topics of chapter
2 and chapter 16). Textbook: Principles of Macroeconomics, 7th edition,
by Robert H. Frank, Ben Bernanke, Kate Antonovics, and Ori Heffetz.
McGraw-Hill Education, 2018.
o References
Right before your well-written references, show the centered title
REFERENCES, in bold, size 14, all-in upper-case letters, und using the
Times New Roman font.
Use the MLA citation format only.
It is required that all references are ordered alphabetically.
Important Directions (Mandatory):
•Draw an outline in the beginning, and end up with a draft before typing the project.
•Use prime times of the day to work on your essay.
• Important: In your writing, presume that the reader never took an economics class. When
talking about certain definitions or topics, assume the reader have never learned about it
before, therefore, do not forget to define your terms, explain them (at least briefly), and
never assume that the reader knows! For the very well-known variables such as GDP and
National Income, Unemployment, Inflation, etc., you may choose not to define them.
•Do not use strong claims without proper citation, even if it makes a lot of logic to you.
•Read online about how to conduct an “argumentative essay.”
• Every research has a research problem, so start by identifying the research problem. The
research problem is telling the reader why this study is important to read. Preferably, use
recent trends in trade to justify the research problem (tables, charts, diagrams, etc.). For
example, a recent change in global trade that has major impacts on the economies you
are analyzing, in which your study may impose important analysis and significant findings.
In the very beginning of your introduction, try to get the reader attentive to your research
problem. In this context, the topic is what should make it interesting, not the strong words
of your writing (For example, avoid writing things such as: I will take you in an adventure
to see what factors…etc.).
The Project Instructions – Page 6 of 6
• You can choose your own essay’s title (project’s title) that relates to the rule of global
trade in economic prosperities of countries, or simply use the title of the project as your
essay’s title.
• You cannot change the topic of the project, but you can change the title that defines
your work on the same project topic.
• You need to look at many published academic articles, not articles published in journals
like The New York Times, or similar journals. Then review the articles that are as close to
your topic as it can get. To find the published academic articles, use only this academic
search engine:
https://scholar.google.com/
•Do not claim accuracy of a statement or an idea simply because it was mentioned, or even
proven, by the literature.
•Do not forget about the rules of assumptions, where you can observe concepts varying
when changing the model assumptions. This is important in evaluating your analytical
writing skills.
• You do not have to use the most recent data or articles, but try to relate your work to
more recent events using your competence of understanding what promotes trade, and
if trade promotes standard of living (it is measured by goods and services consumed, not
just income).
•Make sure to use clear wordings, avoid syntax errors, and use correct punctuations.
•Do not retype same statement over and over again in different structures.
•Revise your work more than one time, as many times as possible. You will always see
something to adjust every time you revise your work. This is a continuous process in
practical research, and the more revising you do, the better the work you will produced.
• You already have one centered title for each section in you project. It is also good to have
subtitles in your study in some of the sections (such as the data and analysis section),
however, do not make those subtitles centered, or all-in-upper-case-letters.
•Read the grading rubrics to know how your project will be evaluated. Maximum points
for the project equal 100 points, and then will be weighted with accordance with the
syllabus.
•Go to D2L/Content/Added Materials to find supplementary materials for the project
(including the sample files of the literature review) and also the grading rubrics for the
project. Give close attention to these supplementary materials.
•Do not use the words such as “I”, “we”, or “us”. Instead, alternate between words such
as “this study,” “this project,” “this research,” “this article,” “this paper,” etc.
•Read the file named “LSC-Rubrics.pdf” for more details about grading rubrics.
